Improvement in lanterns



J. H. IRWIN. Lantern.

10.205.648. Patented July 2,1878.

JIm Hlrwin UNITED earns rama IMPROVEMENT ,VIN LANTERNS.

S eciticalion ormnw .nrt oi" Letters Patent No January To all whom itmay concern:

Be it known that 1, J oHN H. IRWIN, ot Philadelphia, in the county ofPhiladelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Lanterns, which is fully described and claimedin thefollowing specitication, reference bein g had to the accompanyingdrawings, in which- Figure 1 represents a vertical section ol` a lanternembodying my improvement, and Fig. 2 a similar section ot' alantern-top, showing a modification 'in the construction of the top inFig. 1. y

My invention relates to an improvement in globe lanterns, whereby thecontinuity of the air-supply to the burner and the drat't through thechimney is not interrupted by atmospheric currents Without the lantern,or by movement of the latter in anydirection whatever.

The invention consists inthe combination, with a lantern, of anatmospheric injector composed of a series of deecting-plates inclinedinwardly and downwardly, constructed and arranged with reference to thechimney so as to constitute therewith a balanced atmospheric injectorand ejector, by means ot' which the continuity ot' the circulation inthe lantern is always preserved.

In the drawings, A represents the oil-pot of the lantern; B, the burnerG, the chimney, and D the globe, this improvement being applied tolanterns provided With both globes and chimneys.

The globe is hemi spherical in form, or it lmay be in the shape of an4elongated hemisphere, the upper portion thereof being straight, ornearly so, for a short distance, as shown at d, in Fig. l ofthedrawings.

An atmospheric injector, E, is arranged upon the top of the globe D, tothe rim of which it is attached by any suitable means. This injector iscomposed ot' the conical plates e, e1,and e2, arranged as shown in thedrawings; but the particular construction and arrangement it is notnecessary here to specify with greater exactness,as this injector isfully described and shown in Letters Patent No. 150,958, heretoforegranted to me, (Ma-y 19,- 1874.)

The chimney C extends up Within the in jector even with the top of thelatter, or slightly 205,648, dated July 2, une; @plannen am ,30, 187s.

above it, and is covered by a conical cap or top, F, which isconstructed vof a size to tit the upper plate e of the injector, towhich it is attached by suitable devices. The devices shown consist ot'clasps f attached to the top and arranged to slip over the outside oithe plate e, while on one side ot' the top is a setscrew, j", whichisturned down to hold the top in place after the clasps are slipped overthe injector-plate, as shown in Fig. l of the drawings.

It is evident that with these devices the top is removable, but it maybe permanently attached to the injector, if desired, and it' the globeis made removable; and the devices for .securing it to the injector maybe of any description suitable for the purpose, according as it isdesired to have tl detachable.

y In the drawings, the globe D is shown permanently attached to thebottom A51-'but it is evident that this construction is .not necessary,asthe globe can be readily made detachable in any ot' the well-knownways.

The air is admitted to theburner' underneath the jacket or skirt bthrough holes b in the cylindrical portion of the burner below the cone,and a detlector, G, is placed around the wick-tube at the top thereof ina manner and for the purpose well known and understood.

The top ofthe cap F is some little distance above the top ofthe chimneyC, so as to leave a free space or chamber t'or the escape of theproducts of combustion from the latter. The lamp is provided with abail, H, by which itis carried.

Now, if the lantern is subjected to the action of atmospheric currents,whether natural or produced by any sudden movement ot' the lanternitself, the air will be caught by the deecting-plates ot' the injectorand forced downward into the globe in the manner already described in myprior patent, mentioned above, and in another application of even dateherewith. The air within the globe is turned into the burner, both onaccount of the shape the air within the chimney by heat from the burner.

The products of combustion rise through the chimney C and escape fromthe top'fthereof le top permanent or y ot' the globe and because of thera-refaction of into the chamberI forward by the top F, whence they iiowdownward and outward through the openings in the injector E on the sideopposite to that of the entering current of fresh air.

The chimney arranged as described in relation to the injector operatesas an ejector, so that in connect-ion with the former there is acombined balancing atmospheric injector and ejector operating upon thesame principle and substantially in the manner described in myapplication ot' even date herewith for a combined atmospheric injectorand ejector.

The circulation within the lantern is thus kept up, even when subjectedto changing currents, for as the injector is annular in form the airwill be caught from whatever direction it comes, or whatever may be themovement ofthe lantern, and the operation being always as hereinbeforedescribed, the atmospheric circuit can never be interrupted and thelight put out.

The injector E, shown and described, is of special construction, but itmay be modiied somewhat without materially atfectin g the resulthereinbetbre set t'orth. The reversingplatcs c2 may be dispensed with,for instance 5 or the openings in the injector may be less in numberthan shown, and yet tolerably good results obtained.

In the construction shown the plate c2 catches the air and drives itinto the lantern when the latter is moved downward, or when a currentblows from this direction; but when removed the induced current will besufficient to keep up the exhaust from the top of the chimney, so as notto interrupt the circulation, fresh air being taken in at the sides bythe action ofthe induced current sutticiently to keep up the necessarysupply.

In the construction shown in Fig'. l ot' the drawings, the top Fisdesigned to be made of sheet metal; but a glass top may be preferablefor some reasons, and in Fig. 2 I have shown such a top adapted to thisstyle of lantern. The main portion l ot' the top is hemisphericalinform, and the globe and top may be constructed so as to representparts ot' the same sphere.

This glass top I is secured to a metallic fastening-ring, J, which isadapted to lit within the upper plate c of the injector like the top F,and is secured thereto by the devices shown in Fig. l of the drawings,or any others which will permit the top to be detached, this latterfeature ot' construction being desirable with a glass top. It is alsonecessary to provide means for takin g away the heated gases from theglass top I more speedily than with the metallic top F, so as to avoidany danger of cracking the top by overheating.

A short tube, li, is therefore inserted in the top ofthe glass portionI, and upon the upper end ot' this ytube is arranged an atmosphericejector, K, which is constructed like the ejector described and shown inLetters Patent No. 173,958, granted to me February 22, 1876.

The general operation with this style of top is the same as with the topF; but if the hot gases escaping from the top of the chimney are notquickly taken oft', as heretofore described, a portion will be taken upthrough the tube@ and carried out into the atmosphere by the action ot'the ejector K, thereby relieving the top from overheating.

I do not limit myself to the precise construction and arrangement of anyof the parts here shown, as they lnay be moditied as circumstances mayrequire. It is necessary, however, in carrying out my invention, thatthe top of the chimney should be nearly on a level with the top ot' theinjector, and that there should be a chamber above the top of' thechimney, otherwise the balancing effect above described will bematerially modilied, and under certain conditions will entirelydisappear.

Having thus described my invention, what I'claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is-

1. In a globe lantern, an annular atmospheric injector composed ot'aseries of detlecting-plates inclined inwardly and downwardly, arrangedabove the globe, in combination with a chimney extending up within theinjector to a point above the inlet-openings for the currents ot' air,and a closed top arranged above the chimney, substantially as described.

2. The annular injector E, in combination with the globe D, burner B,chimney C, and top F, arranged and operating substantially as described.

J. H. ERVIN.

Witnesses:

L. A. BUNTING, JNO. C. MAcGrRnGoR.

